As the intestine is a soft tissue structure, it is not usually seen on a plain X-ray. By using barium to coat the inner lining of this area the Radiologist can see the bowel clearly on the X-ray screen, and can watch the way it functions during this study. A small lubricated plastic tube will be inserted through your nostril or mouth and down into your stomach by the Doctor or Nurse. This can be a little uncomfortable, but a combination of anaesthetic jelly and spray minimizes the discomfort.

Correct Option: C

As the intestine is a soft tissue structure, it is not usually seen on a plain X-ray. By using barium to coat the inner lining of this area the Radiologist can see the bowel clearly on the X-ray screen, and can watch the way it functions during this study. A small lubricated plastic tube will be inserted through your nostril or mouth and down into your stomach by the Doctor or Nurse. This can be a little uncomfortable, but a combination of anaesthetic jelly and spray minimizes the discomfort.

Exobiology is the branch of science that deals with the possibility and likely nature of life on other planets or in space. The primary goal of exobiological research is to reach a better understanding of the processes leading to the origin, evolution and distribution of life on Earth or elsewhere in the universe. Exobiological activities include comparison of the overall pattern of chemical evolution of potential precursors of life, in the interstellar medium, and on the planets and small bodies of our solar system, tracing the history of life on Earth back to its roots, deciphering the environments of the planets in our solar system and of their satellites

Correct Option: D

Exobiology is the branch of science that deals with the possibility and likely nature of life on other planets or in space. The primary goal of exobiological research is to reach a better understanding of the processes leading to the origin, evolution and distribution of life on Earth or elsewhere in the universe. Exobiological activities include comparison of the overall pattern of chemical evolution of potential precursors of life, in the interstellar medium, and on the planets and small bodies of our solar system, tracing the history of life on Earth back to its roots, deciphering the environments of the planets in our solar system and of their satellites

Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.

Correct Option: A

Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.

A clone is a colony of cells having similar genetic constitutions. A clone is a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry, meaning they are derived from the same mother cell A somewhat similar concept is that of clonal colony (also called a genet), wherein the cells (usually unicellular) also share a common ancestry, but which also requires the products of clonal expansion to reside at “one place”, or in close proximity. A clonal colony would be well exemplified by a bacterial culture colony, or the bacterial films that are more likely to be found in vivo (e.g., in infected multicellular hosts).

Correct Option: C

A clone is a colony of cells having similar genetic constitutions. A clone is a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry, meaning they are derived from the same mother cell A somewhat similar concept is that of clonal colony (also called a genet), wherein the cells (usually unicellular) also share a common ancestry, but which also requires the products of clonal expansion to reside at “one place”, or in close proximity. A clonal colony would be well exemplified by a bacterial culture colony, or the bacterial films that are more likely to be found in vivo (e.g., in infected multicellular hosts).

Pollen grains are large sticky and heavy, usually with rough surfaces so that they can readily cling onto the insects bodies. They are sticky so that pollen grains settling on them are not easily displaced.

Correct Option: B

Pollen grains are large sticky and heavy, usually with rough surfaces so that they can readily cling onto the insects bodies. They are sticky so that pollen grains settling on them are not easily displaced.