Privatization is the process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency, public service or public property from the public sector (a government) to the private sector, either to a business that operates for a profit or to a non-profit organization. The term can also mean government outsourcing of services or functions to private firms, e.g. revenue collection, law enforcement, and prison management. There are four main methods of privatization: (a) Share issue privatization (SIP) - selling shares on the stock market; (b) Asset sale privatization - selling an entire organization (or part of it) to a strategic investor, usually by auction or by using the Treuhand model; (c) Voucher privatization - distributing shares of ownership to all citizens, usually for free or at a very low price; and (d) Privatization from below - Start-up of new private businesses in formerly socialist countries.

Correct Option: D

Privatization is the process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency, public service or public property from the public sector (a government) to the private sector, either to a business that operates for a profit or to a non-profit organization. The term can also mean government outsourcing of services or functions to private firms, e.g. revenue collection, law enforcement, and prison management. There are four main methods of privatization: (a) Share issue privatization (SIP) - selling shares on the stock market; (b) Asset sale privatization - selling an entire organization (or part of it) to a strategic investor, usually by auction or by using the Treuhand model; (c) Voucher privatization - distributing shares of ownership to all citizens, usually for free or at a very low price; and (d) Privatization from below - Start-up of new private businesses in formerly socialist countries.

An initial public offering (IPO) or stock market launch is a type of public offering where shares of stock in a company are sold to the general public, on a securities exchange, for the first time. Through this process, a private company transforms into a public company. Initial public offerings are used by companies to raise expansion capital, to possibly monetize the investments of early private investors, and to become publicly traded enterprises. A company selling shares is never required to repay the capital to its public investors. After the IPO, when shares trade freely in the open market, money passes between public investors.

Correct Option: C

An initial public offering (IPO) or stock market launch is a type of public offering where shares of stock in a company are sold to the general public, on a securities exchange, for the first time. Through this process, a private company transforms into a public company. Initial public offerings are used by companies to raise expansion capital, to possibly monetize the investments of early private investors, and to become publicly traded enterprises. A company selling shares is never required to repay the capital to its public investors. After the IPO, when shares trade freely in the open market, money passes between public investors.

The existence of black money is injurious not just for tax revenues. It distorts the systematic resource allocation process and upsets the accuracy of economic forecasts. Inflation is both a cause as well as a consequence of the black money in our economy. Black money results in the social injustice and fallacy in the economy. The rich gets richer and the poor gets poorer. So the existence of black money erodes the very rationale of growth behind monetary policies.

Correct Option: B

The existence of black money is injurious not just for tax revenues. It distorts the systematic resource allocation process and upsets the accuracy of economic forecasts. Inflation is both a cause as well as a consequence of the black money in our economy. Black money results in the social injustice and fallacy in the economy. The rich gets richer and the poor gets poorer. So the existence of black money erodes the very rationale of growth behind monetary policies.

Treasury bills are instrument of short-term borrowing by the Government of India, issued as promissory notes under discount. The interest received on them is the discount which is the difference between the price at which they are issued and their redemption value. They have assured yield and negligible risk of default. They are thus useful in managing short-term liquidity. At present, the Government of India issues three types of treasury bills through auctions, namely, 91-day, 182-day and 364-day. There are no treasury bills issued by State Governments.

Correct Option: D

Treasury bills are instrument of short-term borrowing by the Government of India, issued as promissory notes under discount. The interest received on them is the discount which is the difference between the price at which they are issued and their redemption value. They have assured yield and negligible risk of default. They are thus useful in managing short-term liquidity. At present, the Government of India issues three types of treasury bills through auctions, namely, 91-day, 182-day and 364-day. There are no treasury bills issued by State Governments.

Disinvestment is a process where Government sells its equity holding to private sectors. In other ways it is a privatization process where private parties are given shareholding in Government undertakings either wholly or partially.

Correct Option: B

Disinvestment is a process where Government sells its equity holding to private sectors. In other ways it is a privatization process where private parties are given shareholding in Government undertakings either wholly or partially.