Balance of payments (BoP) accounts are an accounting record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world. These transactions include payments for the country’s exports and imports of goods, services, financial capital, and financial transfers. The two principal parts of the BOP accounts are the current account and the capital account. The current account shows the net amount a country is earning if it is in surplus, or spending if it is in deficit. It is the sum of the balance of trade (net earnings on exports minus payments for imports), factor income (earnings on foreign investments minus payments made to foreign investors) and cash transfers. Some of the components of the current account of BOP include investment income; borrowing entities in respect of their external commercial borrowing; secondary income account (transfer payments); primary income account (factor income such as from loans and investments), etc.

Correct Option: B

Balance of payments (BoP) accounts are an accounting record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world. These transactions include payments for the country’s exports and imports of goods, services, financial capital, and financial transfers. The two principal parts of the BOP accounts are the current account and the capital account. The current account shows the net amount a country is earning if it is in surplus, or spending if it is in deficit. It is the sum of the balance of trade (net earnings on exports minus payments for imports), factor income (earnings on foreign investments minus payments made to foreign investors) and cash transfers. Some of the components of the current account of BOP include investment income; borrowing entities in respect of their external commercial borrowing; secondary income account (transfer payments); primary income account (factor income such as from loans and investments), etc.

Industries are classified on the bases of source of raw material. There are two types of industries agro based and mineral based industries. Agro based industries are the one that produce jute, cotton, silk, tea, coffee, rubber etc. Mineral based industries are iron and steel, cement, aluminum, machine tools, and petrochemicals producing industries

Correct Option: D

Industries are classified on the bases of source of raw material. There are two types of industries agro based and mineral based industries. Agro based industries are the one that produce jute, cotton, silk, tea, coffee, rubber etc. Mineral based industries are iron and steel, cement, aluminum, machine tools, and petrochemicals producing industries

The primary market is that part of the capital markets that deals with the issuance of new securities. Companies, governments or public sector institutions can obtain funding through the sale of a new stock or bond issue. This is the market for new long term equity capital. The primary market is the market where the securities are sold for the first time. Therefore it is also called the new issue market (NIM).

Correct Option: C

The primary market is that part of the capital markets that deals with the issuance of new securities. Companies, governments or public sector institutions can obtain funding through the sale of a new stock or bond issue. This is the market for new long term equity capital. The primary market is the market where the securities are sold for the first time. Therefore it is also called the new issue market (NIM).

A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.” Progressive” describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, referring to the way the rate progresses from low to high, where the average tax rate is less than the marginal tax rate. It can be applied to individual taxes or to a tax system as a whole; a year, multi-year, or lifetime. Progressive taxes attempt to reduce the tax incidence of people with a lower ability-to-pay, as they shift the incidence increasingly to those with a higher ability-to-pay.

Correct Option: B

A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases.” Progressive” describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, referring to the way the rate progresses from low to high, where the average tax rate is less than the marginal tax rate. It can be applied to individual taxes or to a tax system as a whole; a year, multi-year, or lifetime. Progressive taxes attempt to reduce the tax incidence of people with a lower ability-to-pay, as they shift the incidence increasingly to those with a higher ability-to-pay.

Capital formation refers to capital accumulation, referring to the total “stock of capital” that has been formed, or to the growth of this total capital stock. It also refers to a measure of the net additions to the (physical) capital stock of a country (or an economic sector) in an accounting interval, or, a measure of the amount by which the total physical capital stock increased during an accounting period. Total capital formation” in national accounting equals net fixed capital investment, plus the increase in the value of inventories held, plus (net) lending to foreign countries, during an accounting period (a year or a quarter). Capital is said to be “formed” when savings are utilized for investment purposes, often investment in production.

Correct Option: C

Capital formation refers to capital accumulation, referring to the total “stock of capital” that has been formed, or to the growth of this total capital stock. It also refers to a measure of the net additions to the (physical) capital stock of a country (or an economic sector) in an accounting interval, or, a measure of the amount by which the total physical capital stock increased during an accounting period. Total capital formation” in national accounting equals net fixed capital investment, plus the increase in the value of inventories held, plus (net) lending to foreign countries, during an accounting period (a year or a quarter). Capital is said to be “formed” when savings are utilized for investment purposes, often investment in production.