Profit and Loss
- Salary of a person is increased by 20%, then it is decreased by 20%. Change in his salary is :
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If the value of a number is first increased by y % and later decreased by y %, the net change is always a decrease
which is equal to y2 % 100
Here , y = 20%
Correct Option: A
If the value of a number is first increased by y % and later decreased by y %, the net change is always a decrease
which is equal to y2 % 100
Here , y = 20%∴ Required decrease = 20 × 20 = 4% 100
- A shopkeeper gains 20% while buying the goods and 30% while selling them. Find his total gain percent.
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As we know that ,
For two consecutive gains of a % and b %,Effective gain = 
a + b + ab 
% 100
Here , a = 20% , b = 30%His total gain percent = 20 + 30 + 20 × 30 % 100
Correct Option: C
As we know that ,
For two consecutive gains of a % and b %,Effective gain = a + b + ab % 100
Here , a = 20% , b = 30%His total gain percent = 20 + 30 + 20 × 30 % 100 ∴ Total gain percent = 50 + 600 = 56% 100
- An item costing $ 840 was sold by a shopkeeper at a gain of 10% and it was again sold by the new buyer at a loss of 5%. Final selling price of the item is :
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As per the given question ,
C.P. of first buyer = $ (840 + 10% of 840) = $ (840 + 84) = $ 924
Now, this item is sold to the second buyer at 5% loss.Correct Option: A
As per the given question ,
C.P. of first buyer = $ (840 + 10% of 840) = $ (840 + 84) = $ 924
Now, this item is sold to the second buyer at 5% loss.∴ Final selling price = $ 95 × 924 = $ 877.80 100
- Find the selling price of an article if a shopkeeper allows two successive discounts of 5% each on the marked price of $ 80.
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Given that , marked price = $ 80.
The S.P. after the first discount of 5% on $ 80 = $ 80 - 5 × 80 = $ (80 – 4) = $ 76 100
Again, after 5% discount on $ 76,
Correct Option: D
Given that , marked price = $ 80.
The S.P. after the first discount of 5% on $ 80 = $ 80 - 5 × 80 = $ (80 – 4) = $ 76 100
Again, after 5% discount on $ 76,S.P. = $ 76 - 5 × 76 = $ (76 – 3.80) = $ 72.20 100
- The ratio of cost price and selling price of an article is 25 : 26. The percent of profit will be
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Here , The ratio of cost price and selling price of an article = 25 : 26
Let Cost price of an article = Rs. 25k
Selling price of an article = Rs. 26k
Profit = Selling price of an article - Cost price of an article = 26k - 25k = Rs. kCorrect Option: D
Here , The ratio of cost price and selling price of an article = 25 : 26
Let Cost price of an article = Rs. 25k
Selling price of an article = Rs. 26k
Profit = Selling price of an article - Cost price of an article = 26k - 25k = Rs. kProfit percent = Profit × 100 = k × 100 = 4% Cost price of an article 25k
