Any person born in India, on or after 26 January, 1950 but prior to the commencement of the 1986 Act on 1 July, 1987, is a citizen of India by birth. The Central Government may, on an application, register as a citizen of India under section 5 of the Citizenship Act 1955 any person (not being an illegal migrant) if he belongs to certain categories. Persons born outside India on or after 26 January, 1950 but before 10 December, 1992 are citizens of India by descent if their father was a citizen of India at the time of their birth.

Correct Option: B

Any person born in India, on or after 26 January, 1950 but prior to the commencement of the 1986 Act on 1 July, 1987, is a citizen of India by birth. The Central Government may, on an application, register as a citizen of India under section 5 of the Citizenship Act 1955 any person (not being an illegal migrant) if he belongs to certain categories. Persons born outside India on or after 26 January, 1950 but before 10 December, 1992 are citizens of India by descent if their father was a citizen of India at the time of their birth.

The term “mandamus” literally means “command.” Mandamus is a judicial remedy which is in the form of an order from a superior court to any government subordinate court, corporation or public authority to do or forbear from doing some specific act which that body is obliged under law to do or refrain from doing, as the case may be, and which is in the nature of public duty and in certain cases of a statutory duty.

Correct Option: B

The term “mandamus” literally means “command.” Mandamus is a judicial remedy which is in the form of an order from a superior court to any government subordinate court, corporation or public authority to do or forbear from doing some specific act which that body is obliged under law to do or refrain from doing, as the case may be, and which is in the nature of public duty and in certain cases of a statutory duty.

Equality before the law, also known as legal equality, is the principle under which all people are subject to the same laws of justice (due process). Article 14 of Indian Constitution declares that “the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws within the territory of India”. Equality before the law is an expression of English Common Law while “equal protection of laws” owes its origin to the American Constitution. Both the phrases aim to establish what is called the “equality to status and of opportunity” as embodied in the Preamble of the Constitution. The rule of law is a legal maxim whereby governmental decisions are made by applying known legal principles. Rule of law implies that every citizen is subject to the law. Rule of Law means (a) equality before the law, (b) every citizen is subject to the ordinary law of the land and (c) the citizen has to face trial in the same law courts, irrespective of his status or position in the society

Correct Option: C

Equality before the law, also known as legal equality, is the principle under which all people are subject to the same laws of justice (due process). Article 14 of Indian Constitution declares that “the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws within the territory of India”. Equality before the law is an expression of English Common Law while “equal protection of laws” owes its origin to the American Constitution. Both the phrases aim to establish what is called the “equality to status and of opportunity” as embodied in the Preamble of the Constitution. The rule of law is a legal maxim whereby governmental decisions are made by applying known legal principles. Rule of law implies that every citizen is subject to the law. Rule of Law means (a) equality before the law, (b) every citizen is subject to the ordinary law of the land and (c) the citizen has to face trial in the same law courts, irrespective of his status or position in the society

Under the Indian legal system, jurisdiction to issue ‘prerogative writs’ is given to the Supreme Court, and to the High Courts of Judicature of all Indian states. Parts of the law relating to writs are set forth in the Constitution of India. The Supreme Court, the highest in the country, may issue writs under Article 32 of the Constitution for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and under Articles 139 for enforcement of rights other than Fundamental Rights, while High Courts, the superior courts of the States, may issue writs under Articles 226.

Correct Option: C

Under the Indian legal system, jurisdiction to issue ‘prerogative writs’ is given to the Supreme Court, and to the High Courts of Judicature of all Indian states. Parts of the law relating to writs are set forth in the Constitution of India. The Supreme Court, the highest in the country, may issue writs under Article 32 of the Constitution for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and under Articles 139 for enforcement of rights other than Fundamental Rights, while High Courts, the superior courts of the States, may issue writs under Articles 226.

Habeas corpus is a bulwark of personal freedom. It is a legal action, or writ, through which a person can seek relief from the unlawful detention of him or herself, or of another person. It protects the individual from harming him or herself, or from being harmed by the judicial system. The writ of habeas corpus has historically been an important instrument for the safeguarding of individual freedom against arbitrary state action.

Correct Option: B

Habeas corpus is a bulwark of personal freedom. It is a legal action, or writ, through which a person can seek relief from the unlawful detention of him or herself, or of another person. It protects the individual from harming him or herself, or from being harmed by the judicial system. The writ of habeas corpus has historically been an important instrument for the safeguarding of individual freedom against arbitrary state action.