Real Executive exercises the powers that belong to him. He is responsible for the exercise of these powers. May be he takes the assistance of subordinates but the decision is his. For example the President of U.S. A is an example of Real Executive who takes decisions for himself and exercises his own powers. The Nominal Executive is just the opposite. It is clearly discernible in a constitutional monarchy as prevalent in U.K. or Parliamentary Democracy as prevalent in India. The king in England or the President in India are the examples of Nominal Executive and the Prime Ministers under the British and Indian system of administration offer the example of Real Executives.

Correct Option: C

Real Executive exercises the powers that belong to him. He is responsible for the exercise of these powers. May be he takes the assistance of subordinates but the decision is his. For example the President of U.S. A is an example of Real Executive who takes decisions for himself and exercises his own powers. The Nominal Executive is just the opposite. It is clearly discernible in a constitutional monarchy as prevalent in U.K. or Parliamentary Democracy as prevalent in India. The king in England or the President in India are the examples of Nominal Executive and the Prime Ministers under the British and Indian system of administration offer the example of Real Executives.

The Janata Party (People’s Party) was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the State of Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by the government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and her party, the Indian National Congress (R). Morarji Desai became the fourth Prime Minister of India from 1977 to 1979. In 1979, Raj Narain and Charan Singh pulled out of the Janata Party, forcing Desai to resign from office. Charan Singh was the fifth Prime Minister of the Republic of India, serving from 28 July, 1979 until 14 January, 1980.

Correct Option: B

The Janata Party (People’s Party) was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the State of Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by the government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and her party, the Indian National Congress (R). Morarji Desai became the fourth Prime Minister of India from 1977 to 1979. In 1979, Raj Narain and Charan Singh pulled out of the Janata Party, forcing Desai to resign from office. Charan Singh was the fifth Prime Minister of the Republic of India, serving from 28 July, 1979 until 14 January, 1980.

India held general elections to the 4th Lok Sabha in 1967 in which the Indian National Congress lost nearly 60 seats in the Lower House, managing to win 283 seats.The Congress’ dismal electoral performance forced Indira Gandhi to become assertive and opt for a series of choices that put her against the Congress Party high command. The Congress expelled her for “indiscipline” on November 12, 1969, an action that split the party into two factions: the Congress (O)-for Organisation-led by Morarji Desai, and the Congress (I)—for Indira-led by Indira Gandhi. Indira continued to head a minority government with support from the CPI(M) till December 1970. Not wanting to head a minority government any longer, she called for a mid-term election to the Lok Sabha in March 1971 a full one year ahead of schedule. The 5th Lok Sabha with 518 elected members came into being and the Congress won a majority.

Correct Option: B

India held general elections to the 4th Lok Sabha in 1967 in which the Indian National Congress lost nearly 60 seats in the Lower House, managing to win 283 seats.The Congress’ dismal electoral performance forced Indira Gandhi to become assertive and opt for a series of choices that put her against the Congress Party high command. The Congress expelled her for “indiscipline” on November 12, 1969, an action that split the party into two factions: the Congress (O)-for Organisation-led by Morarji Desai, and the Congress (I)—for Indira-led by Indira Gandhi. Indira continued to head a minority government with support from the CPI(M) till December 1970. Not wanting to head a minority government any longer, she called for a mid-term election to the Lok Sabha in March 1971 a full one year ahead of schedule. The 5th Lok Sabha with 518 elected members came into being and the Congress won a majority.

Satyameva Jayate is a mantra from the ancient Indian scripture Mundaka Upanishad. Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India.

Correct Option: C

Satyameva Jayate is a mantra from the ancient Indian scripture Mundaka Upanishad. Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India.

According to the rules, a party has to win three percent of the total number of seats in a state assembly to become a regional party. In October 2011, the Election Commission (EC) eased the norms of granting ‘Regional Party’ status. As per the new rules, parties without winning any Lok Sabha or Assembly seat can be recognised as regional party only if they get eight percent of the total valid votes. Until then, the status of regional party was granted to those political parties which secured a minimum of six per cent of the total valid votes polled in a state in addition to winning at least two seats in that Assembly.

Correct Option: B

According to the rules, a party has to win three percent of the total number of seats in a state assembly to become a regional party. In October 2011, the Election Commission (EC) eased the norms of granting ‘Regional Party’ status. As per the new rules, parties without winning any Lok Sabha or Assembly seat can be recognised as regional party only if they get eight percent of the total valid votes. Until then, the status of regional party was granted to those political parties which secured a minimum of six per cent of the total valid votes polled in a state in addition to winning at least two seats in that Assembly.